Kaiser Aluminum

KALU · Nasdaq · Materials · Financials, fiscal 2016 to 2025

KALU · Last close · October 26, 2026

$105.47

Kaiser Aluminum's revenue rose 11.5% to $3.4 billion in fiscal 2025. Its operating margin was 5.6%, up from 3.7% a year earlier. Free cash flow was −$26 million. It paid out $51 million in dividends and buybacks. The diluted share count rose 1.9%.

KAISER ALUMINUM CORPORATION Latest fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 10-K filed February 19, 2026 · 0001193125-26-059575 Updated October 22, 2026

Revenue

$3.4B

11.5%

Operating margin

5.6%

1.9 pts

Net income

$112M

71.2%

Free cash flow

−$26M

Return on capital

7.7%

2.9 pts

Market cap

$1.8B

Oct 26 close

P/E

8.2x

On $12.94 EPS, 4 qtrs

Operating margin is operating income as a share of revenue. Free cash flow is cash from operations minus capital spending. Return on capital is after-tax operating income as a share of the money invested in the business: debt plus equity, minus cash. Market cap is the last closing share price times the latest diluted share count, so it is approximate. P/E is the last close divided by diluted earnings per share over the last four quarters, or the latest fiscal year where the quarters aren't available; there is none when the company made a loss.

Charts show fiscal years, from the 10-K filings.

Revenue and margins

Revenue

US$ billions, fiscal years

Margins

Percent of revenue

GrossOperatingNetFree cash flow

Net income and earnings per share

From fiscal 2016 to 2025, earnings per share grew 3.2% a year and net income 2.3% a year, as buybacks cut the share count by 8%.

Net income

US$ billions, fiscal years; loss years in red.

Diluted earnings per share

US$ per share, fiscal years, restated for any stock splits; loss years in red.

Returns on capital

Return on capital and on equity

Percent. Return on capital is after-tax operating income over the money invested in the business (debt plus equity, minus cash); return on equity is net income over shareholders' equity. Both use the average of opening and closing balances.

Return on capitalReturn on equity

Cash flow

Free cash flow

US$ billions. Cash from operations minus capital expenditure; negative years in red.

Payouts and share count

Dividends and buybacks

US$ billions, cash paid in each fiscal year

DividendsShare buybacks

Diluted share count

Weighted-average diluted shares, millions

Valuation

Two ways to value Kaiser Aluminum yourself, both starting from its filings: a discounted cash flow model and the price-to-earnings method.

What Kaiser Aluminum says to expect

Full year 2026: conversion revenue and Adjusted EBITDAFor the balance of 2026, the Company continues to expect Conversion Revenue growth at the high end of its 10% to 15% outlook, reflecting continued end-market strength and favorable pricing and mix. While the Company is maintaining its Adjusted EBITDA growth outlook of 45% to 55% compared to 2025, results are now expected toward the lower end of the range due to planned operational outages, execution performance, customer year-end inventory alignment and metal-related headwinds.

The company's own words, from its earnings release (Form 8-K, Exhibit 99), filed October 21, 2026. They are its expectations, not ours, and not a forecast or price target from The Filing Desk. Replaced when the next release is out.

Discounted cash flow (DCF)

A discounted cash flow (DCF) model values a business as the cash it may generate in future, discounted back to today. The starting figures come from Kaiser Aluminum's 10-K (or, for net cash and shares, its latest 10-Q) and the assumptions are yours: start from one of three example scenarios, then change any figure to see what it implies for a share, and how that compares with the last share price.

Value per share on three example scenarios, from Kaiser Aluminum's 3-year average free cash flow of $10M, net cash of −$1.1B at December 31, 2025 and 17 million diluted shares, from its filings. The scenarios are fitted to Kaiser Aluminum: the base scenario's growth in years 1 to 5 is its revenue growth over the last 3 years, -0.5% a year, kept between 0% and 20%; the cautious and optimistic ones are lower and higher, and growth in years 6 to 10 is halfway to the long-run rate. The base scenario's discount rate is 13%: 11% for a cyclical or higher-risk business (Aluminum), plus 1 point as a smaller company, worth $1.8B, plus 1 point for unsteady results (a loss in fiscal 2022); the cautious and optimistic ones use a point more and a point less. Select one to load it into the calculator. These are the model's arithmetic on those assumptions, not a forecast or a price target. A negative value means Kaiser Aluminum's net debt is larger than what that scenario's cash flows are worth today.

From the filings

Starting free cash flow, US$ millions

The average of fiscal 2023 to 2025.

Net cash, US$ millions

Cash and short-term investments minus debt and finance leases at December 31, 2025. Negative means net debt.

Diluted shares, millions

Weighted-average diluted shares in fiscal 2025.

Your assumptions

Start from

Fitted to Kaiser Aluminum's own revenue growth, as above. Cautious: growth of -2% then 0% a year, 2% after year 10, a 14% discount rate. Base: growth of 0% then 1% a year, 2.5% after year 10, a 13% discount rate. Optimistic: growth of 2% then 2.5% a year, 3% after year 10, a 12% discount rate.

Free cash flow growth, years 1 to 5 (% a year)

Free cash flow growth, years 6 to 10 (% a year)

Growth after year 10 (% a year)Long-run growth forever after year 10. Usually close to inflation, and always below the discount rate.

Discount rate (% a year)The yearly return an investor wants for the risk. A higher rate gives a lower value.

Value per share on these assumptions

—

Last close, October 26, 2026: $105.47
Value on these assumptions, against the last close: —

Cash flows in years 1 to 10, valued today: —
Everything after year 10, valued today: —
Plus net cash: —
Share of value from after year 10: —

Projected free cash flow

US$ billions. Each column is one year's projected free cash flow, split into what it is worth today and the part removed by discounting.

Value todayRemoved by discounting

How the value changes with two assumptions

Value per share in US$, with the growth rates above. The highlighted cell matches the current assumptions.

How the model works. Free cash flow grows at the first rate for five years and the second rate for five more, and each year is discounted at the discount rate. Everything after year 10 is valued as year-10 cash flow × (1 + growth after year 10) ÷ (discount rate − growth after year 10), discounted back ten years. Net cash is added and the total is divided by diluted shares. The result depends entirely on the assumptions. It is not a forecast, a price target or a recommendation. The last close is the consolidated US closing price, from Databento.

Price-to-earnings (P/E) method

Another common way to value a company is to multiply its earnings per share by a price-to-earnings (P/E) multiple: the number of years of today's earnings an investor pays for a share. A higher multiple usually means investors expect earnings to grow. Choose a multiple, for example from similar companies, to see the value it gives.

Value per share on three example scenarios, from Kaiser Aluminum's earnings per share of $12.94 (over the last four quarters). Each grows earnings for a year at the cash flow scenarios' rates and applies a multiple to next year's earnings: 12.7×, the middle of Kaiser Aluminum's own P/E today, its peers' median and its sector's median (its peers' median) for the base scenario, 20% less and more for the cautious and optimistic ones. The price is brought back a year at 14%, 13% and 12%. Select one to load it into the calculator. These are the model's arithmetic on those assumptions, not a forecast or a price target.

Earnings per share, US$

Diluted earnings per share over the four quarters to September 30, 2026, from the 10-Qs and 10-K.

P/E multiple

P/E today is the last close divided by the latest earnings per share, the four quarters' where available. Peers: Century Aluminum, Alcoa, Sylvamo, Scotts Miracle-Gro.

Earnings growth in the years ahead (% a year) Starts at Kaiser Aluminum's revenue growth over the last 3 years, -0.5% a year, kept between 0% and 20%, as the base scenario does.

Earnings per share in the years ahead, US$

Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5

Type your own estimate for any year; the years after it carry on at the growth rate.

Apply the multiple to earnings

A multiple on a future year's earnings gives the price then, brought back to today at the discount rate below.

Discount rate (% a year) The yearly return an investor wants for the risk, as in the cash flow model.

Value per share today at this multiple

—

Last close, October 26, 2026: $105.47
Value at this multiple, against the last close: —
Kaiser Aluminum's P/E at the last close: 8.2×

Company	Last close	Earnings per share	P/E today
Scotts Miracle-GroSMG	$58.83	$1.18	49.9×
SylvamoSLVM	$32.62	$1.87	17.4×
Kaiser AluminumKALU	$105.47	$12.94	8.2×
AlcoaAA	$38.70	$4.81	8.0×
Century AluminumCENX	$31.80	$5.79	5.5×

How the P/E method works. Value per share is earnings per share times the multiple. On a future year's earnings, that gives the price in that year, which is brought back to today at the discount rate: price ÷ (1 + discount rate) for each year ahead. It is quick and easy to compare across companies, but it ignores debt and cash, and earnings can swing with one-off gains and charges, so a multiple says most about steady, profitable businesses. Like the cash flow model, the result depends entirely on the assumptions you choose. It is not a forecast, a price target or a recommendation.

Balance sheet

Fiscal year end	FY21	FY22	FY23	FY24	FY25
Cash and short-term investments	303	57	82	18	7
Debt incl. finance leases	1,044	1,045	1,055	1,057	1,074
Net debt (negative means net cash)	741	988	972	1,039	1,067
Net debt to EBITDA	4.8x	8.9x	4.2x	4.5x	3.4x
Debt to equity	1.5x	1.7x	1.5x	1.4x	1.3x
Interest coverage	1.3x	0.1x	2.6x	2.6x	3.8x
Current ratio	2.6x	2.5x	2.7x	2.7x	3.0x
Quick ratio	1.8x	1.2x	1.2x	1.2x	1.3x

US$ millions unless stated, at each fiscal year end. Net debt to EBITDA is debt minus cash, divided by operating income before depreciation and amortization: roughly how many years of those earnings the net debt equals. Debt to equity is debt as a multiple of shareholders' equity. Interest coverage is operating income divided by interest expense. The current ratio is current assets over current liabilities; the quick ratio leaves out inventory.

Insider trades

Over the 12 months between October 27, 2025 and October 26, 2026, no insider bought Kaiser Aluminum shares on the open market, and 7 insiders sold $16.7 million.

Date	Insider	Trade	Shares	Price	Value	Filing
Apr 29, 2026	Keith HarveyPresident & CEO, Director	Sold	3,031	$173.13	$524,757	Form 4
Apr 29, 2026	Richard P. GrimleyDirector	Sold	1,524	$171.52	$261,396	Form 4
Apr 28, 2026	Neal E WestEVP & CFO	Sold	5,000	$173.29	$866,450	Form 4
Apr 27, 2026	Keith HarveyPresident & CEO, Director	Sold	47,001	$175.09	$8.2 million	Form 4
Apr 27, 2026	Brett WilcoxDirector	Sold	15,000	$174.44	$2.6 million	Form 4
Apr 27, 2026	John Malcolm DonnanEVP, CAO and GC	Sold	2,743	$178.20	$488,803	Form 4
Apr 27, 2026	Iulian GheorgheSVP - Adv Eng & Innovation	Sold	175	$174.22	$30,488	Form 4
Feb 23, 2026	John Malcolm DonnanEVP, CAO and GC	Sold	18,461	$125.08	$2.3 million	Form 4
Feb 23, 2026	Neal E WestEVP & CFO	Sold	5,000	$121.72	$608,600	Form 4
Nov 7, 2025	Blain TiffanyEVP - Sales & Marketing	Sold	8,656	$93.92	$812,972	Form 4

Open-market purchases and sales by officers, directors and 10% owners, from their Form 4 filings with the SEC: one row per person, day and filing, at the day's average price. Grants, option exercises and shares withheld for tax aren't counted. Insiders buy and sell for many reasons, such as taxes, spreading their savings or a plan set up months earlier, so a trade on its own says little about where a company is heading. For information only, not investment advice. Insider trades at all companies

Piotroski F-score

The F-score counts how many of nine simple tests of profitability, funding and efficiency a company passed in a year (Piotroski, 2000). The more tests passed, the stronger the year: 8 or 9 is strong, 0 to 2 weak. Companies that report no gross profit are scored on the other eight.

Test	FY23	FY24	FY25
Net income is positive	Pass	Pass	Pass
Cash from operations is positive	Pass	Pass	Pass
Return on assets rose	Pass	Fail	Pass
Cash from operations exceeds net income	Pass	Pass	Fail
Debt fell relative to assets	Fail	Pass	Pass
Current ratio rose	Pass	Pass	Pass
Share count didn't rise	Fail	Fail	Fail
Gross margin rose	Pass	Pass	Pass
Revenue rose relative to assets	Fail	Fail	Pass
F-score	6 of 9	6 of 9	7 of 9
Accruals ratio	−6.3%	−4.3%	0.0%

The accruals ratio is net income minus cash from operations, over average total assets.

Compare

Put Kaiser Aluminum side by side with any other company we cover: revenue, growth, margins, cash flow and returns, with ten years of charts.

Similar companies

Company	Year	Revenue growth	Operating margin	Free cash flow margin	Return on capital	Net debt to EBITDA	F-score	Compare
Kaiser Aluminum	FY25	11.5%	5.6%	−0.8%	7.7%	3.4x	7
Century Aluminum	FY25	13.8%	6.2%	3.4%	—	—	—	Compare
Alcoa	FY25	7.9%	—	4.4%	18.0%	0.5x	6	Compare
Sylvamo	FY25	−11.2%	7.5%	1.3%	10.9%	1.5x	5	Compare
Scotts Miracle-Gro	FY25	−3.9%	10.5%	8.0%	13.4%	4.8x	6	Compare

Each company's latest fiscal year. Fiscal years end in different months, so the periods don't line up exactly. Free cash flow margin is free cash flow as a share of revenue. Net debt to EBITDA is explained under the balance sheet, and the F-score above.

10 years of figures

Fiscal year	FY16	FY17	FY18	FY19	FY20	FY21	FY22	FY23	FY24	FY25
Income statement
Revenue	1,331	1,398	1,586	1,514	1,173	2,622	3,428	3,087	3,024	3,373
Revenue growth	−4.4%	5.0%	13.5%	−4.5%	−22.6%	123.6%	30.7%	−9.9%	−2.0%	11.5%
Gross profit	330	312	285	299	231	274	248	359	357	442
Research and development	10	10	10	10	9	9	9	11	12	11
Operating income	181	155	144	126	81	64	4	122	112	189
Net income	92	45	92	62	29	−18	−30	68	66	112
Diluted EPS (US$)	5.09	2.63	5.43	3.83	1.81	−1.17	−1.86	4.21	4.02	6.77
Diluted shares (millions)	18	17	17	16	16	16	16	16	16	17
Cash flow
Cash from operations	166	142	150	232	207	79	−63	212	167	111
Capital expenditure	76	76	74	60	52	58	142	143	181	137
Free cash flow	90	66	76	172	155	21	−206	69	−14	−26
Dividends paid	32	35	38	39	43	47	50	50	51	51
Share buybacks	33	80	61	44	12	0	0	0	0	0
Acquisitions	0	0	43	0	0	609	0	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation	12	13	10	10	10	13	14	16	14	18
Balance sheet at fiscal year end
Cash and short-term investments	55	51	126	264	780	303	57	82	18	7
Debt incl. finance leases	369	370	370	499	846	1,044	1,045	1,055	1,057	1,074
Total assets	1,444	1,385	1,419	1,526	1,865	2,422	2,289	2,267	2,410	2,565
Total liabilities	639	639	679	792	1,132	1,730	1,658	1,615	1,667	1,739
Shareholders' equity	805	746	740	734	732	692	631	708	743	826
Margins and ratios
Gross margin	24.8%	22.3%	18.0%	19.7%	19.7%	10.4%	7.2%	11.6%	11.8%	13.1%
Operating margin	13.6%	11.1%	9.1%	8.3%	6.9%	2.5%	0.1%	4.0%	3.7%	5.6%
Net margin	6.9%	3.2%	5.8%	4.1%	2.5%	−0.7%	−0.9%	2.2%	2.2%	3.3%
Free cash flow margin	6.7%	4.7%	4.8%	11.4%	13.2%	0.8%	−6.0%	2.2%	−0.5%	−0.8%
Return on capital	11.2%	7.1%	10.7%	9.9%	6.8%	4.6%	0.2%	6.1%	4.8%	7.7%
Return on equity	11.6%	5.8%	12.3%	8.4%	3.9%	−2.6%	−4.5%	10.1%	9.1%	14.3%
Return on assets	6.8%	3.2%	6.5%	4.2%	1.7%	−0.9%	−1.3%	3.0%	2.8%	4.5%
Net debt to EBITDA	1.4x	1.6x	1.3x	1.3x	0.5x	4.8x	8.9x	4.2x	4.5x	3.4x

US$ millions unless stated. Where a later 10-K restated a year, the latest filed figure is shown. Download all figures (CSV, US$ millions)

Source: Kaiser Aluminum's Form 10-K filings, from SEC EDGAR. For information only, not investment advice. The Filing Desk is not affiliated with Kaiser Aluminum.